Electronics Study from Basic to Advanced
This still design dates back to the 70’s. The plan was to let farmers process their own corn into pure alcohol. The heat was to be supplied using hay bales. I helped put one of these stills together but it was totally manually operated. The evaporation tube was around 25 feet tall. It would […]
Continue Reading
This circuit schematic is for a bare bones short range FM low power transmitter. The circuit operates on the commercial FM frequency band between 88 and 108 MHz. The input Audio from the electret microphone causes a shift in the resonant frequency of the Colpitts oscillator formed by the Q1 circuit. The frequency modulated signal […]
Continue ReadingClose visual inspection and the multimeter are valuable tool in locating malfunctions in electronic equipment. Five techniques in applying the multimeter to aid in the troubleshooting process include the following measurements. AC & DC Supply voltages and Fuse continuity. Transformer primary & secondary voltages. Diode & Transistor lead voltages. Integrated Circuit supply pin voltages. Component […]
Continue ReadingThere are a number of test instruments for measuring electrical quantities. Of all the test instruments the most used is the multimeter because of its flexibility and relatively low cost. This post is to help you learn how to measure voltage current and resistance. In electronics the color black is used for negative and red […]
Continue ReadingAs I stated in a previous post, the common emitter configuration is the most widely used transistor configuration. The main characteristic that makes the common emitter configuration the most used is its high current gain. The applications for the common emitter configuration include amplifiers, phase inverters, and switches. For the following more specific applications including, […]
Continue Reading
Bipolar Junction Transistors can be connected in three major configurations. The following schematic is for the most used of these configurations. R1 Set bias R2 Set bias & develop input R3 Develop the output R4 Prevent Degeneration C1 Coupling Capacitors to separate the AC signals from the DC biasing voltage. C2 Coupling Capacitors to separate the AC […]
Continue ReadingAtomic Theory I will start from the very beginning with a little atomic theory. I will explain how it relates to basic-electronics concepts. Although atoms are made up of a number of smaller particles, only three are of primary interest for our purposes. The neutron, proton, and electron are the basic building blocks of the […]
Continue ReadingValence shell The outer shell of the Atom is referred to as the Valence shell. The number of electrons in the Valence shell determines the electrical characteristics of a material. Electrical Current is defined as electrons in motion. A conductor is a material through which electric current can pass. An insulator is a substance or device that […]
Continue ReadingOhms Law Our goal in this post is to discuss Using Ohms law and the Power Formula. First, there are some terms that need defining. When a path is created for electrical current to flow a circuit is created. A Circuit Diagram (schematic) is shown below using schematic symbols. Volt [ V ], Ampere [ A ] and Ohm […]
Continue Reading
Series, Parallel and Series/Parallel are the basic circuit resistance configuration types that you may encounter. The first is the easiest of the three: In a Series circuit resistance configuration. (The R subscript N means any number of parallel resistors) Series Circuit Rules 1. Total Resistance is the sum of the individual series resistances 2. Current is […]
Continue Reading